Our goal is to develop combined approaches that enable the study of materials under real operating conditions and across different spatial and temporal lenghtscales
We specialize in advanced polarized soft X-ray and electron microscopy techniques to investigate functional materials, with a particular focus on spintronics and magnetism. Soft X-ray microscopy provides high-resolution imaging of magnetic textures —down to ~10 nm and even in 3D— while stroboscopic pump–probe schemes allow us to probe ultrafast spin dynamics.
To achieve a comprehensive understanding of both static and dynamic magnetic behavior, we correlate the magnetic and electronic contrast from X-rays with the crystallographic and chemical information accessible through TEM. This requires the development of operando-compatible environments and advanced data analysis tools, which are essential for true multi-modal and multi-scale studies.
The complementarity between X-ray and (S)TEM methods —combining chemical, structural, electronic, and magnetic specificity with unmatched spatial resolution— enables us to investigate larger fields of view, thicker samples, and faster dynamic processes, opening new pathways for the characterization of magnetic and functional materials.
Students
- Laura Fernández- Domain Wall Dynamics in magnetic nanostructures. PhD Student at Universidad Complutense de Madrid. 2022-Present
- Claudia Ares- PhD Student at Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Nanostructures for neuromorphic computing in 3 dimensions. 2025- Present
MPI Partner Group
Unlocking new horizons: investigating three-dimensional magnetism via operando and correlative microscopy
Funding entity: Max Planck Society
Duration: 5 years (2025-2030)
Coordinated Project Partners: Spin 3D Group, MPI-CPfS
Summary: This Max Planck Partner Group will harness advanced synchrotron-based X-ray techniques and Transmission X-ray Microscopy to investigate the magnetic behavior of complex 3D nanostructures under operando conditions, including magnetic fields, currents, and strain. The aim is to fully exploit the unique access to multiple beamlines and TEM that ALBA synchrotron in Spain offers, in order to develop new approaches and specialized sample environments to perform operando correlative microscopy and spectroscopy.
SOTANA Project
NEw STrategies for Neuromorphic Computing in the Third Dimension (NEST-3D)
Funding entity: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
Duration: 3 years (2026-2028)
Coordinated Project Partners: UCM , ICMM-CSIC
Summary: This project aims to advance neuromorphic computing by developing brain-inspired devices based on spintronics and oxitronics that emulate learning, memory, and decision-making. It leverages magnetic tunnel junctions, oxide materials, and advanced 3D nanofabrication techniques—particularly Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition and electrodeposition—to create highly interconnected three-dimensional nanostructures. Building on recent results demonstrating tunable domain-wall dynamics through curvature and composition, the project will explore 3D spintronic approaches to fabricate non-volatile memristors. In parallel, operando characterization tools will be developed to monitor device behavior in real time under operating conditions, enabling optimization and deeper understanding. Together, these outcomes will contribute to more efficient, intelligent neuromorphic computing technologies.
- Joseph Askey, Arjen van den Berg, Sandra Ruiz Gomez, Claire Donnelly, Dirk Grunder, Sam Ladak. Exploiting Two-Photon Lithography, Deposition, and Processing to Realize Complex 3D Magnetic Nanostructures. Advanced Functional Materials. 2025 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202516383.
- Claudia Fernández-González, Pamela Morales-Fernández, Luke Alexander Turnbull, Claas Abert, Dieter Suess, Michael Foerster, Miguel Á. Niño, Pawel Nita, Anna Mandziak, Simone Finizio, Nuria Bagués, Eva Pereiro, Amalio Fernández-Pacheco, Lucas Pérez, Sandra Ruiz-Gómez, Claire Donnelly. Realization of Complex-Shaped Magnetic Nanotubes with 3D Printing and Electrodeposition. Advanced Functional materials. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202515722
- José Prieto, Alejandro Rivelles, Rocío Yanes Díaz, Luis Torres, Manuel Abuín, Javier Grandal, Maedeh Sepehr, Guzmán Orero Gámez, Rodrigo Guedas, Laura Fernández-García, Raúl Izquierdo-López, Marco Maicas, María del Mar Sanz-Lluch, Jorge Pedrós, Fernando Calle, Sandra Ruiz-Gómez, Muhammad Khaliq, Miguel Angel Niño, Saül Vélez, Michael Foerster, and Luis Lopez-Diaz. Moving magnetic domain walls with sound alone. Nature communications. 2025. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-64934-6.
- Sandra Ruiz-Gómez, Claas Abert, Pamela Morales-Fernández, Claudia Fernández-González, Sabri Koraltan, Lukas Danesi, Dieter Suess, María Varela, Gabriel Sánchez-Santolino, Núria Bagués, Michael Foerster, Miguel Ángel Niño, Anna Mandziak, Dorota Wilgocka-Ślęzak, Pawel Nita, Markus Koenig, Sebastian Seifert, Aurelio Hierro-Rodriguez, Amalio Fernández-Pacheco and Claire Donnelly. Tailoring the energy landscape of a bloch point domain wall with curvature. Nature Communications, 16, 7422 (2025). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-62705-x.
- Guiomar Delgado Soria, Eduardo García-Martín, Sandra Ruiz-Gómez, Clara Gutiérrez-Cuesta, José Francisco Marco, Cecilia Granados-Miralles, Eva María Trapero, Santiago Sánchez, Michael Foerster, Lucía Aballe, Juan de la Figuera, Adrián Quesada, José Emilio Prieto. Growth and magnetic domain imaging of barium hexaferrite thin films with a Co overlayer. Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio. 64, 4, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsecv.2025.100454
- Claudia Fernandez, Laura alvaro Gómez, Laura Fernandez-Garcia, Pamela Morales-Fernandez, Luca Gomez-Cruz, Muhammad Waqas Khaliq, Claire Donnelly, Michael Foerster, Miguel Angel Niño, Eva Pereiro, Eduardo Martinez, Miriam Jaafar, Lucia Aballe, Lucas Perez, Sandra Ruiz-Gomez. Unveiling the 3D Spin Texture of Nanowires using Integrated Microscopy Techniques. Nanoletters. 2025. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c02395.
- L. Alvaro-Gomez, J. Hurst, S. Hegde, S. Ruiz-Gomez, E. Pereiro, L. Aballe, J.C Toussaint, L. P erez, A. Masseboeuf, C. Thirion, O. Fruchart, and D. Gusakova. Topological analysis and experimental control of transformations of domain walls in magnetic cylindrical nanowires. Phys. Rev. research. 2025. https://journals.aps.org/prresearch/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.023092.
- Fernández-González, Claudia; Ruiz-Gómez, Sandra; Arché-Núñez, Ana; Pérez, Lucas; Tavares de Sousa, Celia. 2025. Review: Nano-patterning using ultra-thin alumina membranes Materials Today Nano. 29, 100553. 2025. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588842024001032.
- Miguel A. Cascales Sandoval, A. Hierro-Rodríguez, S. Ruiz-Gómez, L. Skoric, M. A. Niño, S. McVitie, S. Flewett, M. Foerster, Elena Y. Vedmedenko, N. Jaouen, and A. Fernández-Pacheco. Preservation of scalar spin chirality across a metallic spacer in synthetic antiferromagnets with chiral interlayer interactions. Phys. Rev. B. 2025. https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/9798-rdmj.
- Irena Spasojevic, Zheng Ma, Aleix Barrera, Federica Celegato, Alessandro Magni, Sandra Ruiz-Gómez, Michael Foerster, Anna Palau, Paola Tiberto, Kristen S. Buchanan, Jordi Sort. Magneto-Ionic Vortices: Voltage-Reconfigurable Swirling-Spin Analog-Memory Nanomagnets. Nat. Commun. 2025. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-57321-8.
- Anastasiia Korniienko, Alexis Wartelle, Matthias Kronseder, Viola Zeller, Michael Foerster, Miguel Ángel Niño, Sandra Ruiz-Gomez, Muhammad Waqas Khaliq, Markus Weigand, Sebastian Wintz, and Christian H. Back1. Magnetization patterns in GaAs-Fe33Co67 core-shell nanorods. App. Phys. Lett. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0239107.
- Marc Rovirola, Muhammad Waqas Khaliq, Travis Gustafson, Fiona Sosa-Barth, Blai Casals, Joan Manel Hernàndez, Sandra Ruiz-Gómez, Miguel Angel Niño, Lucía Aballe, Alberto Hernández-Mínguez, Michael Foerster, Ferran Macià. Study of the magnetoelastic effect in nickel and cobalt thin films at GHz range using x-ray microscopy. Physical Review Research, 6, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.023285.
- Khaliq, M. Waqas, Amin, Oliver J., Hernández-Mínguez, Alberto, Rovirola, Marc, Casals, Blai, Omari, Khalid, Ruiz-Gómez, Sandra, Finizio, Simone, Campion, Richard P., Edmonds, Kevin W., Novák, Vít , Mandziak, Anna, Aballe, Lucia, Niño, Miguel Angel, Hernàndez, Joan Manel, Wadley, Peter, Macià, Ferran, Foerster, Michael. Néel vector waves in antiferromagnetic CuMnAs excited by surface acoustic waves. Rev. Materials 8, 084406, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.8.084406.
- Laura Fernández-García, Sandra Ruiz-Gómez, Rubén Guerrero, Rodrigo Guedas, Claudio Aroca, Lucas Perez, José L Prieto, Manuel Muñoz, Non-conventional resonant behavior of an unconfined magnetic domain wall in a permalloy strip. APL Mater. 12 (2024) 051116. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0206170.
- M. A. Cascales Sandoval, A. Hierro-Rodríguez, Sandra Ruiz-Gómez, L. Skoric, C. Donnelly, M. A. Niño, D. McGrouther, S. McVitie, S. Flewett, N. Jaouen, R. Belkhou, M. Foerster, and A. Fernández-Pacheco. Determination of optimal experimental conditions for accurate 3D reconstruction of the magnetization vector via XMCD-PEEM. J. Synchrotron Rad. 31 (2024) 336. https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577524001073.
- B. L. Rodilla, A. Arché-Nuñez, S. Ruiz-Gómez, A. Domínguez-Bajo, C. Fernández-González, C. Guillén-Colomer, A. González-Mayorga, N. Rodríguez-Díez, J. Camarero, R. Miranda, E. López-Dolado, P. Ocón, M. C. Serrano, L. Pérez and M. Teresa González. Flexible metallic core-shell nanostructured electrodes for neural interfacing. Sci. Rep. 14 (2024) 3729. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-53719-4.
- C. Fernandez-Gonzalez, A. Berja, L. Alvaro-Gomez, C. Martın-Rubio, A. Mascaraque , L. Aballe , R. Sanz , L. Perez, S. Ruiz-Gomez∗. Asymmetrical magnetization processes induced by compositional gradients in ferromagnetic nanowires. Scripta Mater. 243 (2024) 115970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2024.115970.